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Select materials for optics

Different optical material have different characteristics, Selecting a proper glass material is very important for optical design. Following factors need be considered when selecting a material.

※ Transmission wavelength region
※ Index of refraction, abbe number
※ Thermal expansion
※ Density, Mechanical and chemical characteristics

※ Cost of material. Some of materials like Fused Silica are much expensive.

Below are basic information of optical glasses that are often used.

Glass	Index(nd)	Abbe(Vd)	Density(g/cm3)	Coefficient of Thermal expansion (10-6/k)	Transparency Range(mm)
N-FK1	1.470	66.82	2.30	8.10	0.32--2.4
N-ZK7	1.508	61.06	2.43	4.55	0.35--2.4
N-BK7	1.517	64.20	2.52	7.10	0.33--2.4
B270	1.523	58.50	2.55	8.20	0.35--2.4
N-SK11	1.564	60.80	3.05	6.50	0.35--2.4
N-BAK4	1.569	56.04	2.83	7.00	0.37--2.4
N-SK12	1.583	59.46	3.28	6.65	0.35--2.4
N-F2	1.620	36.35	2.67	8.40	0.39--2.4
N-LAK22	1.651	55.89	3.73	8.00	0.34--2.4
N-SF2	1.647	33.87	3.86	8.10	0.38--2.4
N-SF5	1.672	32.22	4.09	7.55	0.38--2.4
N-LAF3	1.717	47.89	4.44	8.00	0.38--2.4
N-LAF7	1.749	34.98	4.22	5.40	0.38--2.4
N-SF11	1.785	25.80	5.41	6.20	0.40--2.4
N-LASF44	1.804	46.58	4.72	7.00	0.38--2.4
N-SFL6	1.805	25.39	3.37	9.00	0.39--2.4
N-SF57	1.846	23.80	3.52	9.80	0.40--2.4
Fused Silica	1.458	67.70	2.20	0.55	0.19--2.5
Borosilicate	1.474	65.70	2.23	3.25	0.35--2.4
Silicon	1.472	65.70	2.33	3.25	1.2--7.0
CaF2	1.434	94.99	3.18	18.85	0.17--7.8
Sapphire	1.768	72.24	3.99	8.4	0.18--4.8
Ge	4.0@10mm			5.7	1.9--16.0
ZnSe	2.40@10mm			7.1	0.63--18.0

Below are basic information of optical glasses that are often used.
For more information of optical glass, please visit the website of material manufacturers: Schott, or CDGM Glass.